There is a growing risk that the process of European integration will unravel, with far-reaching implications for economic and political stability in Eastern Europe.
Russia and the West are engaged in a multi-dimensional conflict over the boundary between them which is destabilising regional politics and causing significant economic damage.
A wave of immigration from Africa and Asia into Eastern Europe poses a significant risk to civil order, governmental stability and the integrity of supply lines.
There is a growing trend for governments in the region to reassert national control over strategic sectors to enforce conformity with their political objectives.
Eastern Europe has a serious problem with corruption and the capture of the state by oligarchical elites, posing risks to the viability of investments and to political stability.
There is an elevated risk of strikes and demonstrations leading to institutional paralysis, a slowdown in economic activity, and breaches in supply lines.
China is becoming a major direct investor in Eastern Europe, diluting the political influence of the EU and US in the region, and exposing the region a variety of long-term economic risks.
